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Table 1 Moonlighting proteins identified in E. coli

From: Genome-scale identification and characterization of moonlighting proteins

Proteinname/uniprot ID/gene ID

First function

Additional functions

Category a)

Ref.

b0118/P36683/AcnB

Aconitate hydratase

Post-transcriptional regulation; mRNA binding

I

[27]

b1019/P31545/EfeB

Peroxidase on guaiacol

Iron assimilation from heme; response to DNA damage stimulas

I

[43]

b1276/P25516/AcnA

Aconitate hydratase

Post-transcriptional regulation; mRNA binding

I

[27]

b1967/P31658/HchA

Molecular chaperone

Glyoxalase activity

I

[44]

b3183/P42641/ObgE

GTPase

Role in ribosome biogenesis

I

[45],[46]

b4151/P0A8Q3/FrdD

Membrane bound respiratory protein (anaerobic condition)

Role in bacterial flagellar switch (aerobic conditions)

I

[47]

b4152/P0A8Q0/FrdC

Membrane bound respiratory protein (anaerobic condition)

Role in bacterial flagellar switch (aerobic conditions)

I

[47]

b4153/P0AC47/FrdB

Membrane bound respiratory protein (anaerobic condition)

Role in bacterial flagellar switch (aerobic conditions)

I

[47]

b4154/P00363/FrdA

Membrane bound respiratory protein (anaerobic condition)

Role in bacterial flagellar switch (aerobic conditions)

I

[47]

b4179/P21499/Rnr

Helicase

RNase

I

[48]

b4260/P68767/PepA†b)

Plasmid recombination

Peptide catabolic process; DNA binding/transcriptional control

I

[49]

b0161/P0C0V0/DegP†

Chaperone

Proteolysis

II

[50]

b0509/P77161/GlxR

Glyoxylate metabolism

Allantoin assimilation; DNA damage response

II

[51],[52]

b0957/P0A910/OmpA

Transport

1. Viral entry 2.DNA damage response

II

[51],[53]

b1317/P77366/YcjU

Carbohydrate metabolism

1. Cell-to-cell plasmid transfer 2. Reduce the lethal effects of stress

II

[54],[55]

b1710/P06610/BtuE

Glutathione peroxidase

Non-essential role in vitamin-B12 transport

II

[56],[57]

b2415/P0AA04/PtsH

Phosphocarrier protein essential in sugar transport

Positive regulation of glycogen catabolism

II

[58]

b2552/P24232/Hmp

(aerobic condition) Nitric oxide dioxygenase (NOD)

(anaerobic condition) Amplifier of superoxide stress, NO and FAD reductase

II

[59],[60]

b2949/P0A8I1/YqgF

Putative Holliday junction resolvase

Transcription anti-termination

II

[61],[62]

b3414/P63020/NfuA

Fe-S biogenesis

Necessary for the use of extracellular DNA as the sole source of carbon and energy

II

[63]

b3463/P0A9R7/FtsE

Cell division

Salt transport by ABC-Transporter

II

[64]

b3706/P25522/MnmE

tRNA modification

Regulating glutamate-dependent acid resistance

II

[65]

b0135/P31058/YadC

Cell adhesion

Reduce lethal effects of stress

III

[55]

b0284/P77489/YagR

Putative xanthine dehydrogenase

DNA damage response

III

[51]

b0543/P23895/EmrE

Multidrug transporter

DNA damage response

III

[51]

b1018/P0AB24/EfeO

Involved in Iron uptake

Response to lethal antimicrobial and environmental stress

III

[55]

b2037/P37746/RfbX

Putative O-antigen transporter

DNA damage response

III

[51]

b2147/P25889/PreA

Pyrimidine base degradation

Required for swarming motility

III

[66]

b2290/P0A959/AlaA

Involved in biosynthesis of alanine

Response to lethal antimicrobial and environmental stress

III

[55]

b3191/P64602/MlaB

Phospholipid ABC transporter

Response to lethal antimicrobial and environmental stress

III

[55]

b3233/P0A9Q9/Asd

Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

DNA damage response

III

[51]

b4177/P0A7D4/PurA

Adenylosuccinate synthetase

DNA damage response

III

[51]

b4383/P0A6K6/DeoB

Phosphopentomutase

DNA damage response

III

[51]

  1. a)Moonlighting proteins are classified into four categories: I, both primary and the secondary functions have clear experimental evidences that they are independent; II, both primary and the secondary functions have experimental evidences but it is not clear if the functions are independent; III, “weak” moonlighting proteins, evidences for the secondary function is from a large scale assay or a phenotypic experiment of mutants and the relationship between the primary and the secondary function is not known. Proteins are sorted by the b number within each category.
  2. b)Proteins included in either MoonProt or MultiTaskDB are indicated with†. PepA is included in the MoonProt database. DegP is included in both MoonProt and MultiTaskDB.
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