The Rodin-Ohno hypothesis that two enzyme superfamilies descended from one ancestral gene: an unlikely scenario for the origins of translation that will not be dismissed

Table 1 Procedures used in Urzymology

Process	Remarks
Superimpose homologs	POSA server: http://fatcat.burnham.org/POSA/
ID shared invariant subset	Usually 10-30% of monomeric forms
Re-design exposed surface	Protein design: Rosetta http://www.rosettacommons.org/
Clone & Express	Maltose Binding Protein (MBP) fusions; TEV cleavage
Characterize	Rate accelerations, substrate specificities
Authenticate	Single turnover active-site titration, Steady-state kinetics, genetic mutation and manipulation
Evolutionary recapitulation	Multi-scale modular de- and reconstruction