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Table 2 Codons in phase 0 that may lend a dinucleotide to form a start codon in phase 1 and phase 2. The usage of each start codon in (a) all genes; (b) the downstream gene of long phase-1 overlaps; and (c) the downstream gene of long phase-2 overlaps, is noted.

From: Same-strand overlapping genes in bacteria: compositional determinants of phase bias

Start Codon (usage in: all genes, phase1, phase 2)

Phase

Codon Group

Amino Acids

Mean amino acid frequency

ATG (a77%, b73%, c64%)

1

NAT

Tyr, His, Asn, Asp

3.67%

 

2

TGN

Cys, Trp

1.06%

GTG (a14%, b15%, c23%)

1

NGT

Cys, Arg, Ser, Gly

4.87%

 

2

TGN

Cys, Trp

1.06%

TTG (a9%, b12%, c14%)

1

NTT

Phe, Leu, Ile, Val

7.12%

 

2

TGN

Cys, Trp

1.06%